H. IAN HOGBIN
1904-1989
Ian Hogbin . . . belongs to anthropology's heroic age.
A. R. Radcliffe-Brown recruited him while Hogbin was an undergraduate
at Sydney University, and sent him on his first field research. Bronislaw
Malinowski guided him during the writing of his dissertation at the
London School of Economics. He is also a member of that brilliant between-the-wars
generation-- including Raymond Firth, Reo Fortune, Margaret Mead, Gregory
Bateson, Hortense Powdermaker and Douglas Oliver--who pioneered modern
field research in the insular South Pacific. Like many other anthropologists
during World War II, he served as an adviser to the armed forces, bringing
expertise and commitment to the problems of indigenous populations overtaken
by the upheaval. A Reader at Sydney University after the war, he inspired
a new generation of anthropologists with his enthusiasm for field work
and the absolute importance of writing in clear, simple English.
Hogbin would, however, be remarkable in any period for
the extent of his field research and the volume of his writings. He
has worked in no fewer than five Pacific communities and published nine
books.
He began his anthropological career in 1927, briefly visiting
Rennell Island and then Ontong Java. By the outbreak of war in the Pacific,
he had completed studies in Malaita, Guadalcanal, and Wogeo. Travelling
extensively in the Solomons and Papua New Guinea during the war, he
made a final study of Busama during the late 1940s. In the years that
followed, he was caught up with teaching and writing; but after his
retirement in 1969 he made several visits to Papua New Guinea as external
examiner at the new university. This brought him into contact with students
from Wogeo and Busama who were the children and grandchildren of his
old informants. He subsequently returned as an invited guest to the
villages where he had once come unbidden.
The findings of this research were published in a steady
flow of monographs and articles, beginning in 1930. The study of Ontong
Java, written first as his doctoral dissertation at the London School
of Economics, was published in 1934 as Law and Order in Polynesia.
The Malaita monograph, Experiments in Civilization, followed
in 1939. Transformation Scene, which describes the effects
of the war on Busama, appeared in 1951, and Social Change (the
Josiah Mason Lectures) in 1958. Kinship and Marriage in a New Guinea
Village (again Busama) was published in 1963 and A Guadalcanal
Society in the following year. The Island of Menstruating Men,
a path-breaking exploration of gender in Wogeo appeared in 1970,
and The Leaders and the Led--also about Wogeo-- in 1978. Hogbin
is the author of some forty-nine articles--many of them in Oceania,
beginning with the first volume--and a now rare collection of photographic
studies, Peoples of the South Pacific, dated 1945-1946.
After the appearance of his last monograph, Ian's friends
were hoping that he would commit to writing the stories and recollections
with which he had so often entertained them over the dinner table. Regrettably
other commitments and perhaps a degree of reticence prevented him undertaking
the task until he found himself physically unable to write.
At last, in 1985, he agreed that I should record a series
of interviews with him. These have now been transcribed and edited,
and will shortly appear as an Oceania monograph entitled Conversations
with Ian Hogbin.
Apart from details about Hogbin's childhood and non-professional
interests, Conversations includes his reminiscences of Radcliffe- Brown,
Malinowski and other noted anthropologists, accounts of his fieldwork
and experiences in Papua New Guinea during the war, and his reflections
on the intermediate and long term fate of ethnographic works such as
his own.
Anthropology in Oceania: Essays Presented to Ian Hogbin,
edited by L. R. Hiatt and C. Jayawardena (Sydney: Angus and Robertson,
1971) provides abibliography of Hogbin's published work, except for
his final monograph.
Here we list only the books:
Law and Order in Polynesia. London: Christophers
(1934) and Hamden, Conn.: Shoe String Press (1961).
Experiments in Civilization: The Effects of European
Culture on a Native Community in the Solomon Islands. London: Routledge
(1939, 1969).
Peoples of the Southwest Pacific. New York: John
Day (1945-46).
Transformation Scene. London: Routledge and Kegan
Paul (1951).
Social Change. London: Watts (1958) and Melbourne:
Melbourne University Press (1970).
Kinship and Marriage in a New Guinea Village.
London: Athlone (1963).
A Guadalcanal Society: the Kaoka Speakers. New
York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston (1964).
The Island of Menstruating Men. Scranton, Penn.:
Chandler (1970).
The Leaders and the Led: Social Control in Wogeo,
New Guinea. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press (1978).
J. R. Beckett, University of Sydney (Summer 1989 Newsletter) |